Marine Species Identification Portal : Cliopsis krohni grandis

Cliopsis krohni Troschel, 1854 morpha grandis Boas, 1886a

Overview

This is a large naked pelagic snail, up to 4 cm long, with a completely transparent body and the visceral organs are seen through the body wall. The body is oval shaped, balloon-like and the posterior gill is well developed. It is carnivorous and lives in all oceans in the upper water layers.

Taxonomic Description

Body broad with a flat posterior pole. A broad circular posterior gill is present with four broad but short, fringed crests (Cliopsis k. grandis). The integument is not as transparent, as in the other morphs, but the same arrangement of chromatophores is found. Head parts are relatively small. Lateral lobes of the foot are long and not broad, projecting over the body. The median foot tubercle is split into two longitudinal halves. Proboscis long, evaginable to a length twice that of the body. Radula formula 5-1-5. Hook sacs shallow, each with about 60 hooks.
Body length up to 40 mm.

Juveniles

A special description is not available.

Reproduction

This form is a protandric hermaphrodite.

Ecology

This form is a carnivore.

Distribution

See for information under Cliopsis k. krohni.

Types

Cliopsis grandis Boas, 1886: 170, pl. 7, figs. 108-109.
Lectotype: ZMUC (alcohol collection). Paralectotypes: ZMUC, 3 spec. (alcohol collection)
Type locality: 3°30'N 107°E, 2°4'N 106°5'E. Coll.: Andrea.

Original description

Der forelaa 1 Exemplar fra 2° 4' NBr. 106° 50' ØL. (30 mm langt) samt 3 fra 3° 30' N Br. 10l° ØL. (omtr. 20mm), alle tagne af Kapt. Andréa 1869. (Cliopsis k. grandis type)
Denne Art er nær beslægtet med foregaaende. Den adskiller sig ved følgende Punkter. Gjællen er langt kraftigere. De membranøse opstaaende Kanter, som danner den, er tykkere; den frie Rand af dem er lige (ikke foldet) men den øvrige Del foldet som en Pibekrave (hertil intet Spor hos foregaaende). - De to læbeagtige Dele af Foden og navnlig Vorten mellem dem slærkere udviklet end hos Cl. Krohnii. - Radula havde hos et Exemplar paa 19-mm Formlen 5.1.5 (smlgn. foreg.); de laterale Spidser paa Midttanden kløvede. - Snabelrøret havde hos samme Individ en Længde af 50mm; Partiet nærmest Mundaabningen kun lidet bredere end den øvrige Del.
Jeg nærer ikke nogen Tvivl om, at nærværende Form er forskjellig fra Cliopsis Krohnii; - hvorvel det ganske vist havde været ønskeligt, om jeg havde kunnet undersøge Radula og Snabel hos nogle flere exemplarer af begge Arter. Sagen syntes mig dog ikke vigtig nok, til at jeg vilde ofre flere Exemplarer af det sparsomme Materiale paa en saadan Undersøgelse.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Mollusca
Class Gastropoda
Subclass Euthyneura
Order Gymnosomata
Suborder Gymnosomata
Family Cliopsidae
Genus Cliopsis
Species Cliopsis krohni
Morpha grandis

Boas, J. E. V., 1886a. Bidrag til Pteropodernes. Morfologi of Systematik samt til Kundskaben om deres geografiske Udbredelse- Spolia Atlantica- Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6 Raekke) naturv. math. IV (1): 1-231.

Frontier, S., 1963c. Zooplancton récolté en mer d'Arabie, Golfe Persique et Golfe d'Aden, 2. Ptéropodes, systématique et répartition. Cahiers ORSTOM, sér. océanogr. 6 (sér. Nosy-Bé, 2): 233-254.

Meisenheimer, J., 1905c. Pteropoda. Deutsch. Tiefsee Exp. 1898-1899 IX: 1-314, Atlas Pl. 1-27 Map 1-9.

Pafort-van Iersel, G. J. S., 1985a. Contributions to pelagic zoogeography of the mid North Atlantic Ocean, 1. Distribution of pteropods, heteropods and silver hatchetfishes. In: G. J. S. Pafort-van Iersel. A contribution to pelagic zoogeography of the mid North Atlantic Ocean (7th paper) (Thesis Univ. van Amsterdam): 1-45, 5 tabs, 4 figs, 27 append.

Pelseneer, P., 1887c. Report on the Pteropoda, 1. The Gymnosomata. Rep. Sci. Res. Voy. HMS. Challenger (1873-1876) (zool) 19(4): 1-74.

Pruvot-Fol, A., 1932. Note sur quelques gimnosomes de provenances diverses et diagnose d'un genre nouveau Arch. Zool. expér. gén. 74 (vol. jub.): 507-529, 18 figs, pl. 3.

Schiemenz, P., 1906. Die Pteropoden der Plankton Expedition. Erg. Plankt. Exp. Humboldt Stift. 2 F.b.: 1-37.

Starobogatov, J. I., 1971. Ordo Thecosomata; ordo Gymnosomata; ordo Heteropoda. In: Polevoy Zool. Inst. Akad. Moscou. opredeliteli planktona (without page or figure numbers, not bound, mimiographed). [in Russsian]

Tesch, J. J., 1904. The Thecosomata and Gymnosomata of the Siboga Expedition. Siboga Rep. 52: 1-92, 156 figs.

Tesch, J. J., 1913c. Mollusca, Pteropoda. In: F. E. Schulze. Das Tierreich. Eine Zusammenstellung und Kennzeichnung der rezenten Tierformen 36. Berlin (Friedberger and Sohn): i-xvi, 1-154, 108 figs.

Tesch, J. J., 1950a. The Gymnosomata. 2. Dana Rep. 6(36): 1-55, 37 figs.

Spoel, S. van der and Boltovskoy, D., 1981. Pteropoda. In: Boltovskoy, D. (ed.). Atlas del zooplancton del Atlantico Sudoccidental. Publ. INIDEP Argentina: 493-512.

Spoel, S. van der, Boltovskoy, D. and Jankivich, S. S., 1981. Classification y distribucion. In: Boltovskoy, D. (ed.). Atlas del zooplancton del Atlantico Sudoccidental. Publ. INIDEP Argentina: 512-524.

Spoel, S. van der, 1972a. A taxonomic outline of the Gymnosomata (Mollusca). Basteria 36 (2-5): 75-88.

Spoel, S. van der, 1976c. Pseudothecosomata, Gymnosomata and Heteropoda. Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, Utrecht. 484 pp. 246 figs.

Spoel, S. van der, 1981a. Descripcion de los conchas embrionarias de Cavoliniidae. In: Boltovskoy, D. (ed.). Atlas del zooplancton del Atlantico Sudoccidental. Publ. INIDEP Argentina: 525-531.

Verrill, A. E., 1885b. (1884?). Third catalogue of Mollusca recently added to the fauna of the New England coast and the adjacent parts of the Atlantic, consisting mostly of deep-sea species, with notes on other previously recorded. Trans. Conn. Acad. Arts Sci. 6: 396-452, pls 42-44.

Cliopsis krohni grandis