Author: Lepechin, 1774

Boreogadus saida Lepechin, 1774

Diagnosis: first dorsal finrays 11-15, second dorsal finrays 12-17, third dorsal finrays 17-23; first anal finrays 14-20, second anal finrays 1824. Vertebrae 53-58. Gillrakers 37-46. Scales small, not imbricated, also minute bony spinous plates on sides of body, head and fins. Colour: variable, back brownish, lighter with violet or yellowish shade above lateral line, silvery below. Size: to 32 cm SL, usually 12-16 cm.

Habitat: inshore but mainly offshore, at edge and under drifting ice, salt and brackish water, entering mouths of rivers. Behaviour: gregarious, in large shoals; feeding and spawning migrations. Food: calanoids, hyperiids, planktonic juvenile amphipods, euphausiids.

Reproduction: January and February, below 0° C, inshore and offshore, under or near drifting ice, near bottom.

Distribution: White and Barents Seas, off Spitzbergen, Iceland and eastern Greenland, also circumpolar throughout Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas.

Eggs, larvae and young stages. Jensen, 1904: 268, pl. XI (fig. 1a-b) I Schmidt, 1905: 24, fig. 4, pl. I (fig. 19-24) | Ehrenbaum, 1905-1909, 1909: 229, fig. 85 | Johansen, 1912: 667 | Chaldinova, 1936: 331, fig. 7-8 | Pertseva, 1936: 10, 22, fig. 9-11 | Rass, 1946: 72, fig. 1 | Kazanova, 1949: 166, fig. 6 | Ponomareva, 1949: 199, fig. 10 | Musienko, 1961: 274, fig. 2 | Kashkina, 1962: 109, fig. 8-9 | Rass, 1968: 135.
Otoliths (sagitta). Jensen, 1905a: 7, fig. 3c-d | Schmidt, 1968: 17, pl. 3 (fig. 34), pl. 16.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Osteichthyes
Order Gadiformes
Family Gadidae
Genus Boreogadus
Species Boreogadus saida

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Accepted name: Boreogadus saida (Lepechin, 1774)

Scientific synonyms and common names

Boreogadus saida Lepechin, 1774

Synonyms:

Gadus saida Lepechin, 1774, Novi Comment. Acad. Scient. Petropol., 18: 512, pl. V (fig. I) ('Mare album').
Gadus saida: Smitt, 1893-1895, 1893, 1: 484, fig. 120-121 Sund, in Andersson et al., 1942: 185, fig. p. opp. 165.
Boreogadus saida: Jordan & Evermann, 1896-1900, 1898, 3: 2533 Svetovidov, 1948: 200, fig. 33-35, pl. XVI (fig. 1), pl. LXX, LXXII (fig. 2) Andriashev, 1954: 184, fig. 91 Wheeler, 1969: 263.


Common names:

morue polaire [Fr]
polar cod [En]
Polardorsch [De]
polartorsk [Da]
polartorsk [No]
saika [Ru]

Andriashev, A. P. 1954. Ryby severnykh morei SSSR. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Moskwa-Leningrad. (English trans. 1964, Jerusalem, IPST, 617 p., 300 fig.)

Chaldinova, N. A. 1936. Study of spawning, eggs and larvae of Eleginus (Gadus) navaga Pall. Zool. Journ., 15 (2): 321-339, 8 fig. (in Russian, with English Summary).

Ehrenbaum, E. 1905-1909. Eier und Larven von Fischen der Nordischen Planktons, Teil I, 1905, 4: iv + I 1-I 216 + iii, fig. 1-82; Teil II, 1909, 10: I 217-I 413, fig. 83-147.

Hognestad, P. T. 1968. Polar Cod, Boreogadus saida Lep., in Norwegian Waters. Astarte, (31): 1-3, 2 fig.

Jensen, A. S. 1904a. The Fishes of East-Greenland. Meddr Grønland, 29: 211-278, pl. XI-XII.

Jensen, A. S. 1905a. On fish-otoliths in the bottom deposits of the sea. I, Otoliths of Gadus species deposited in the Polar deep. Meddr Kommn Havunders., Ser.: Fisk., 1(7): 14 p., 4 fig.

Johansen, F. 1912. The fishes of the Danmark Expedition. Meddr Grønland, 45: 131-676, pl. XLIV-XLVI.

Jordan, D. S.; Evermann, B. W. 1896-1900. The Fishes of North and Middle America, a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the isthmus of Panama. Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., (47), Part I, 1896: Ix + 1-1240; Part II, 1898: xxx + 1241-2183 ; Part III, 1898: xxiv + 2184-3136; Part IV, 1900: ci + 3137-3313, 391 pl. (958 fig.).

Kashkina, A. A. 1962. Ichthyoplankton yugo-vostochnoi chasti Barentzova morya. Trudy murmansk. biol. Inst., 4 (8): 97-133,14 fig. (in Russian).

Kazanova, I. I. 1949. Nerest, ikrinki i mal'ki rib iz yugovostochnoy chasti Barentzova morya. Trudy vses. nauchno-issled. Inst. morsk. ryb. Xhoz. Okeanogr., 17: 157-174, 10 fig. (in Russian).

Lepechin, I. I. 1774a. Descriptio Cyclopteri lineati. Novi Comment. Acad. Petropol., 1773 tl774], 18: 322-325, fig.

Musienko, L. N. 1961. [Diagnostic characteristics of the fry of Gadids of the Northern Pacific]. Trudy Inst. Okeanol., 43: 270-281, 2 fig. (in Russian).

Pertseva, T. A. 1936. [Key to pelagic eggs of fishes of the Barents Sea]. Trudy vses. nauchno-issled. Inst. morsk. ryb. Khoz. Okeanogr., 36 p., 36 fig. (in Russian and English).

Ponomareva, L. A. 1949. Ikrinki i mal'ki rib iz Karskogo morya [Eggs and fry of fishes of the Kara sea]. Trudy vses. nauchno-issled. Inst. morsk. ryb. Khoz. Okeanogr., 17: 189-205, 14 fig. (in Russian).

Rass, T. S. 1946. Ichthyoplancton iz Vostochnosibirskogo morya. Problemy Arkt., 1945 [1946], 1: 71-78, 3 fig. (in Russian).

Rass, T. S. 1968. Spawning and development of Polar cod. Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Commn int. Explor. scient. Mer Mediterr., 158: 135-137.

Schmidt, E. J. 1905. On the larval and post-larval stages of the torsk (Brosmius brosme (Ascan.)). Meddr. Kommn Havunders., Ser.: Fisk., 1(8): 10 p., pl. I.

Schmidt, W. 1968. Vergleichend morphologische Studie über die Otolithen mariner Knochenfische. Arch. FischWiss., 19 (1): 1-96, 184 fig., 25 pl.

Smitt, F. A. 1893-1895. (ed.) A history of Scandinavian fishes, Stockholm and Paris, Atlas, I, 1893, pl. i-xxvii.

Svetovidov, A. N. 1948. [Gadiformes. Fauna U.S.S.R., Fishes], 9 (2): 222 p., 39 fig., pl. I-LXXII (in Russian, transl. Jerusalem, 1962, 232 p.).

Wheeler, A. 1969. The Fishes of the British Isles and North-West Europe. Macmillan, London, Melbourne and Toronto: i-xvii +1-163, 5 +177 fig., + 392 fig. (princ. sp.)+ 92 n. num. fig., 16 pl., maps.

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