Author: (Rafinesque, 1809)

Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1809)

Diagnosis: first upper tooth usually a little smaller, but sometimes of the same size as second and third, the fourth much smaller than the third and fifth, with a broad interspace between fourth and fifth; teeth usually with 1 or 2 small basal cusplets on either side. Second dorsal fin and anal fin about as large as first dorsal fin; origin of pelvic fins a little posterior to rear end of first dorsal fin base and about below the free rear corner of first dorsal fin. Colour: light grey-brown above, white below, often marked with yellowish-brown to ochre yellow roundish or oval spots. Size: to about 3.2 m.

Habitat: coastal species, living mostly on or close to bottom, entering bays; found from the surface to 200 m, mainly less than 70 m; infrequent in Clofnam area. Food: wide range of small bony fishes, small sharks, squids and occasionally crabs and lobsters. Reproduction: ovoviviparous, usually with two young, sometimes only one; size at birth 0.95-1.05 m.

Distribution: eastern Atlantic, from Gulf of Guinea to the Canaries; also Mediterranean, Adriatic. Elswhere, western Atlantic, western Indian Ocean and western Pacific.

Eggs, larvae and young stages. Growth of young in oviducts. American specimens, Springer, 1948: 153 156 | West African specimens, Cadenat, 1956: 1253-1255.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Chondrichthyes
Superorder Pleurotremata
Family Odontaspindidae
Genus Eugomphodus
Species Eugomphodus taurus

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Synonym of Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810

Scientific synonyms and common names

Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1809)

Synonyms:

Odontaspis tauras (Rafinesque, 1810) 5.1.3
Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810, Caratt. Gen. Spec. Sicil.: 10, pl. 14 (fig. 1) (Sicily). Type: unknown.
Odontaspis taurus: Müller & Henle, 1841: 73, unnumbered pl. Albuquerque, 1954-1956: 82, fig. 45B & 46B Moreau, 1881: 293-295 Soljan, 1948 (Eng. trans. 1963: 59 with fig.) Capapé, 1974a: 232.
Carcharias taurus: Lozano Rey, 1928: 394-401, fig. 128B, 129-132 Tortonese, 1956: 102-103, fig. 51.

Common names:

Sand tiger shark [En]
sand shark [En]
Requin taureau [Fr]
requin sable [Fr]
Stierhai [De]
Toro bacoto [Es]
pez toro [Es]
lkars [Ar]
skylòpsaro [He]
morski pas [Hr]
squalo toro [It]

Albuquerque, R. M. 1954-1956. Peixes de Portugal e ilhas adjacentes. Chavas para a sua determinação. Port. Acta biol., ser. B,5:xvi+1167 p., 445 fig.

Cadenat, J.1956. Remarques biologiques sur le Requin-sable Carcharias (Odontaspis) taurus Rafinesque, 1810. Bull Inst. fr. Afr. noire, (A) 18 :1249-1256, 3 fig.

Capapé, C. 1974a. Observations sur la sexualite, la reproduction et la fecondite de 16 Selaciens pleurotremes, ovipares, aplacentaires des cotes tunisiennes. Arch. Inst. Pasteur Tunis, 51: 229-256, 329-344.

Lozano y Rey, L.1928. Fauna Ibérica. Pesces (Generalidades, Ciclóstomos y Elasmobranquios). Mus. Nac. Ciencias Nat., Madrid, 1:1-692,197 fig., 20 pl.

Moreau, E.1881-91. Histoire naturelle des poissons de la France, Paris, I, 1881: I-VII+ 1-480, fig. 1-82; II, 1881:1-572, fig. 83-145; III, 1881:1-697, fig. 146-220; Suppl., 1891: 1-144, fig. 221-227.

Muller, J.; Henle, J.1841. Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen. Berlin, xxii+204 p., 60 pl.

Rafinesque-Schmaltz, C. S. 1810a. Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali (principalmente di pesci) e piante della Sicilia, con varie osservazioni sopra i medisimi. Palermo, 105 p., 20 pl. (Reprint, 1967, Asher-Amsterdam.)

Soljan, T. 1948. Fauna i flora jadrana. 1. Ribe Inst. Oceanogr. Ribarst. Jugoslavia. Zagreb, Hrvatske, 437 p., 1350 fig.

Springer, S. 1948. Oviphagous embryos of the sand shark, Carcharias taurus. Copeia, 1948: 153-157.

Tortonese, E. 1956b. Leptocardia, Ciclostomata, Selachii. Fauna Ital., 2: 334 p., 163 fig.

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