Author: (Nardo, 1827)

Carcharhnus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827)

Diagnosis: body stout. Snout broadly rounded and short, its length less than mouth width. Teeth serrate, uppers broadly triangular, erect, lowers with narrow erect cusps. First dorsal fin high, triangular, its origin over pectoral bases; pectoral fins broadly triangular, relatively long; interdorsal ridge present; upper caudal lobe stout. Colour: grey to bronze above, white below; undersides of pectoral fins occasionally with dusky tips. Size: to 250 cm TL, common to 220 cm TL.

Habitat: prefers sandy coral bottom to mud bottom, but found over both substrates, from estuaries to edge of continental shelf, near bottom. Food: fishes, molluscs, crustaceans. Reproduction: viviparous, 1 liter every two or three years , 6-4 young born at 50-60 cm TL. Gestation period 11-12 months; parturition occurs in coastal waters. Mature about 180 cm TL, depending on area.

Distribution: off Atlantic coasts of Portugal, Spain, Morocco, possibly Madeira; also, throughout Mediterranean. Elsewhere, in most temperate and tropical waters (except eastern Pacific).

Complementary iconography. Garman, 1913, pl. 3 (fig. 46) | Bigelow & Schroeder, 1948, fig. 68-69 | Tortonese, 1950, fig. 1 & 3-7 | Poll, 1951, fig. 23-24, pl. 1 (fig. 4), pl. 3 (fig. 1-3), pl.11(fig. 2).
Eggs, larvae and young stages. Bigelow & Schroeder, 1948: 372 | Tortonese, 1956: 150 | S. Springer, 1960: 21 | Capapé, 1974a: 334.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Chondrichthyes
Superorder Pleurotremata
Family Carcharhinidae
Genus Carcharhinus
Species Carcharhinus plumbeus

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Accepted name: Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827)

Scientific synonyms and common names

Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827)

Synonyms:

Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827)
Squalus plumbeus Nardo, 1827, Isis, 20 (6): 483 (Adriatic). Type: unknown.
Carcharias (Prionodon) milberti Valenciennes, 1841, in Müller & Henle, Syst. Beschr. Plagiost.: 38, pl. 19 (fig. 3) (New York). Paratype: MNHN no. 1142.
Squalus cacchia Nardo, 1847, Pros. Faun. mar. volg. Venete Est.: 38 (Venice). Type: unknown.
Carcharias (Prionodon) leucos: Guichenot, 1850: 124 (not Carcharias (Prionodon) leucas Valenciennes, 1841).
Carcharias obtusirostris Moreau, 1881, Hist. nat. Poiss. France, 1: 332, fig. 53-54 (Mediterranean coast of France). Holotype: MNHN no. 98-1227.
Carcharhinus (Platypodon) obscurus: Pietschmann, 1906: 99 (not Squalus obscurus Lesueur, 1818).
Carcharias milberti: Pietschmann, 1906: 133 Soljan, 1948: 63, fig.
Carcharhinus milberti: Lozano Rey, 1928: 340, 346, fig. 102-105 Tortonese, 1935: 9 Bigelow & Schroeder, 1948: 368, fig. 68-69 Albuquerque, 1954-1956: 104, fig. 61 Dollfus, 1955: 19.
Carcharias lamia: Nobre, 1935: 422 (not Carcharias lamia Rafinesque, 1810).
Eulamia plumbeus: Fowler, 1936, 1: 50, fig. 12.
Carcharhinus plumbeus: Tortonese, 1950: 1-17, fig. 1, 3-7; 1951b: 3-8, fig. 3 Dieuzeide et al., 1953: 36, fig. Tortonese, 1956: 146, fig. 79-80;1963: 158.

Common names:

Sandbar shark [En]
Large finned shark [En]
Requin gris [Fr]
Petit chien bleu [Fr]
Tiburon trozo [Es]
Tiburón de milberto [Es]
Pas trupan siljokrilac [Hr]
Squalo grigio, squalo plumbeo [It]
Boca doce [Pr]

*Nobre, A. 1935. Fauna marinha de Portugal. 1. Vertebrados (Mamiferos, Reptis e Peixes), Porto.: Ixxxiv+1-21 (Mamiferos); 1-5 (Reptis); 1-574 (Peixes), 77 pl., 64 phot.

*Tortonese, E. 1935. Elenco dei pesci italiani con annotazioni sistematiche. Boll. Pesca Piscic. Idrobiol., Anno XI (2): 211-254.

Albuquerque, R. M. 1954-1956. Peixes de Portugal e ilhas adjacentes. Chavas para a sua determinação. Port. Acta biol., ser. B,5:xvi+1167 p., 445 fig.

Bigelow, H. B.; Schroeder, W. C. 1948b. Sharks. In: Fishes of the western north Atlantic. Mem. Sears Found. Mar. Res., New Haven, 1(1): 59-576, fig. 6-106.

Capapé, C. 1974a. Observations sur la sexualite, la reproduction et la fecondite de 16 Selaciens pleurotremes, ovipares, aplacentaires des cotes tunisiennes. Arch. Inst. Pasteur Tunis, 51: 229-256, 329-344.

Dieuzeide, R.; Novella, M. (collab. J. Roland), 1953-55. Catalogue des Poissons des Côtes algériennes. Bull. Stn Aquic. Pêch. Castiglione, I (n.s.), (4), 1952 [1953]: 1-135, 73 fig. n. num.; II (n.s.), (5), 1953 [1954] :1-258, 135 fig. n. num.; III (n.s.), (6), 1954 [1955] :1-384, 202 fig. n. num.

Dollfus, R. Ph. 1955. Première contribution à l'établissement d'un fichier ichthyologique du Maroc atlantique de Tanger à l'embouchure de l'Oued Dra. Trav. Inst. scient. chérif., ZooL, (6): 227 p., 1 map.

Fowler, H. W.1936. The Marine Fishes of West Africa, based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition 1909-15. Bull. am. Mus. nat. Hist., 70 (1), Jan. 21, 1936: vii+606 p., fig. 1-275; (2), Nov. 18,1936: 607-1493, fig. 276-567.

Garman, S. 1913. The Plagiostomia (Sharks, Skates, and Rays). Mem. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 36: xiii+528 p., 77 pl.

Guichenot, A. 1850. Histoire naturelle des Reptiles et des Poissons. Explor. Scient., Algérie, 1840-42. Sc. Phys., Zool., 5:148 p., pl. 1-4 (Rept.)+1-8 (Poiss.).

Lozano y Rey, L.1928. Fauna Ibérica. Pesces (Generalidades, Ciclóstomos y Elasmobranquios). Mus. Nac. Ciencias Nat., Madrid, 1:1-692,197 fig., 20 pl.

Müller, J.; Henle, J.1841. Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen. Berlin, xxii+204 p., 60 pl.

Moreau, E.1881-91. Histoire naturelle des poissons de la France, Paris, I, 1881: I-VII+ 1-480, fig. 1-82; II, 1881:1-572, fig. 83-145; III, 1881:1-697, fig. 146-220; Suppl., 1891: 1-144, fig. 221-227.

Nardo, G. D. 1827a. Prodromus observationum et disquisitionum Adriaticae ichthyologiae. Giorn. Fisica Nat. Pavia, 10: 22-40 (also publ. in Isis, 1826: 473-488).

Nardo, G. D. 1847a. Prospetto della fauna marina volgare del Venete estuario con cenni sulle principali specie commestibili dell' Adriatico, sulle Venete pesche, sulle valli. Venezia.

Pietschmann, V. 1906. Ichthyologische Ergebnisse einer Reise nach Island, an die atlantische Küste von Marokko und in die westliche Hälfte des Mittelmeeres. Annln naturh. Mus. Wien, 21: 72-148, fig. 1-7, pl. 5-6.

Poll, M.1951. Poissons. I. Généralités. II. Sélaciens et Chiméres. Rés. Sci. Expéd. océanogr. belg. Eaux côt. afr. Atlant. Sud (1948-49J, 4 (1) :1-154, 66 fig., 13 pl.

Soljan, T. 1948. Fauna i flora jadrana. 1. Ribe Inst. Oceanogr. Ribarst. Jugoslavia. Zagreb, Hrvatske, 437 p., 1350 fig.

Springer, S. 1960. Natural History of the sandbar shark Eulamia milberti. Fishery Bun, Fish Wildl. Serv. U.S., 61(178): 38 p., 5 fig.

Tortonese, E. 1950c. Studi sui plagiostomi. IV. Materiali per una revisione di Carcharhinus mediterranei. Boll. Pesca Piscic. Idrobiol., Anno XXVI, 5 (1) :1-19, fig. 7.

Tortonese, E. 1951b. Studi sui Plagiostomi. V. Ulteriori considerazioni sulle specie Mediterranee dei generi Sphyrna e Carcharhinus. Doriana, 1(20): 8 p., fig. 3.

Tortonese, E. 1956b. Leptocardia, Ciclostomata, Selachii. Fauna Ital., 2: 334 p., 163 fig.

Tortonese, E. 1963c. Elenco riveduto dei Leptocardi, Ciclostomi, Pesci cartilagine e ossei del mare mediterraneo. Annali Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Giacomo Doria, 74 :156-185.

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