Author: Zugmayer, 1911

Anotopterus pharao Zugmayer, 1911

Diagnosis: body long and slender, cylindrical, slightly compressed anteriorly; head long and pointed, about 4 times in body; snout about 1 1/2 times in head; mouth large, premaxillae extending to or beyond a vertical from anterior edge of eye, lower jaw prolonged as a cartilaginous process; teeth present on jaws and palatines, those of palatines large and triangular; no teeth on vomer and tongue; gill arches without gillrakers or teeth. Dorsal fin absent; anal fin small, far posterior, with 14-16 finrays; pectoral fins with 12-15 finrays; pelvic fins abdominal with 9-11 finrays; dorsal adipose fin present. Scales absent on body except on lateral line. Vertebrae 76-80. Swimbladder absent. Colour: silvery in adolescents, blackish in adults. Size: to about 50 cm.

Habitat: bathypelagic from about 500 to below 2,000 m; probably a swift swimmer. Food: carnivorous, feeding mainly on fishes. Reproduction: no data, except from one post-larva; only known from adolescents and adults.

Distribution: antitropical from temperate waters to the Poles in Atlantic and Pacific oceans.


Eggs, larvae and young stages. Nybelin, 1948: 36 (specimen measuring 15 mm in S.L.) | Maul, 1952b: 54, fig. 15 (young).
Otoliths (sagitta). No data.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Osteichthyes
Order Scopeliformes
Suborder Alepisaruidae
Family Anotopteridae
Genus Anotopterus
Species Anotopterus pharao

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Accepted name: Anotopterus pharao Zugmayer, 1911

Scientific synonyms and common names

Anotopterus pharao Zugmayer, 1911

Synonyms:

Anotopterus pharao Zugmayer, 1911a, Bull. Inst. océanogr. Monaco, (193): 13 (36°54'30"N., 11°49'W., Banc Gorringe). Holotype: MOM ST. no. 3028.
Anotopterus pharao: Zugmayer, 1911b, 35: 138-140, pl. 4 (fig. 4) Maul, 1946a, 2 (2): 56-59, fig. 21-22 (description and relationship) Hubbs et al., 1953, 6 (5): 173-187, pl. 2-6 (review, distribution, relationship) Marshall, 1955, 27: 317, 334, fig. 6-7, 9a (relationship and distribution) Rofen, 1966, 1(5): 498-510, fig. 177-184 (description, relationship, distribution, synonymy, etc.) Templeman, 1970b, 27 (3): 499-512 (distribution and comparison of specimens from various areas).


Common names:

none

Hubbs, C. L.; Mead, G. W.; Wilimovsky, N. J. 1953. The widespread, probably antitropical distribution and the relationship of the bathypelagic iniomous fish Anotopterus pharao. Bull. Scripps. Inst. Oceanogr., 6: 173-198, 5 pl., 1 fig.

Marshall, N. B. 1955. Studies of Alepisauroid fishes. 'Discovery' Rep., 27: 303-336, pl. XIX.

Maul, G. E. 1946a. Monografia dos Peixes do Museu Municipal do Funchal. Ordem Iniomi. Bolm Mus. munic. Funchal, 2 (2): 5-61, 22 fig.

Maul, G. E. 1952b. Monografia dos Peixes do Museu Municipal do Funchal. Additions to previously revised families. Bolm Mus. munk. Funchal, 6 (16): 51-62, fig. 13-17.

Nybelin, 0. 1948. Fishes collected by the Skagerak Expedition in the eastern Atlantic 1946. Goteborgs K Vetensk.-o. VitterSamh. Handl., (B) 5 (16): 1-95, 9 fig., 6 pl. (also publ. in Meddn Göteborgs Mus., zool. Avd., 121: 3-95, 6 pl.).

Rofen, R. R. 1966. Family Anotopteridae. Mem. Sears Found. mar. Res., 1 (5): 498-510.

Templeman, W. 1970b. Distribution of Anotopterus pharao in the North Atlantic and comparison of specimens of A. pharao from the Western North Atlantic with those from other areas. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can., 27 (3): 499-512, fig. 1-4, tab. 1-2.

Zugmayer, E. 1911a. Diagnoses de Poissons nouveaux provenant des campagnes du Yacht 'Princesse Alice' (1901-10). Bull. Inst. océanogr., Monaco, (193) :1-14.

Zugmayer, E. 1911b. Poissons provenant des campagnes du Yacht 'Princesse Alice'. Résult. Camp. scient. Prince Albert 1, 35: 174 p., 6 pl.

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