Author: (Bloch, 1793)

Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793)

Diagnosis: see genera for main taxonomic features. Gillrakers on first arch 16-22. First dorsal fin very long, with 20-23 spines. Vertebrae 50-55. Colour: back and upper sides steel blue, with 5-11 dark, slightly oblique stripes running forward and downward. Size: to 90 cm fork length, 5 kg, common to 5O cm, 2 kg.

Habitat: epipelagic, mostly in coastal waters. Migratory species often schooling near the surface in inshore waters. Food: mostly fishes, particularly small clupeoids, gadoids, and mackerels. Reproduction: spawning does not occur in northern European waters, but occurs from May to July in the Mediterranean. Eggs and larvae planktonic.

Distribution: in the eastern Atlantic north to the British Isles and Scandinavia; throughout the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. Elsewhere, tropical and temperate coastal waters of the Atlantic Ocean, south through the Gulf of Guinea to South Africa.

Eggs, larvae and young stages. Ehrenbaum, 1924: 10, fig. 3a-3b (larvae) (?) | Soljan, 1948 (transl. 1963): 147, fig. (juv.) | Padoa, 1956: 479, fig. 308 (egg), 309-312 (larvae) | Klawe & Shimada, 1959: 3, fig. 6 (juv.) | Demir, 1963: 112, fig. p. 113 (eggs), p. 115 (larvae), p. 117-118 (post-larvae), p. I19(juv.) | Bini, 1968, 6: 38, 2 fig.
Otoliths (sagitta). Shepherd, 1910: 292, pl. I (fig. I) | Chaine, 1957: 500, pl. IV Bauzá-Rullán, 1961: 155, pl. I (fig. 7-10) | Fitch & Craig, 1964: 202.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Osteichthyes
Order Perciformes
Suborder Scombroidei
Family Scombridae
Genus Sarda
Species Sarda sarda

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Accepted name: Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793)

Scientific synonyms and common names

Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793)

Synonyms:

Scomber sarda Bloch, 1793, Naturgesch. ausländ. Fische, 7: 44, pl. 334 ('im mittelandischen, als auch im atlantischen Meere').
Scomber pelamis Brünnich, 1768, Ichthyologia Massiliensis: 68.
Scomber mediterraneus Schneider, 1801, Blochii Syst. Ichthyol.: 23.
Scomber sarda: Schneider, 1801: 22 Risso, 1810: 168.
Scomber palamitus Rafinesque, 1810, Caratt. Gen. Spec. Sicil.: 44, pl. 2 (fig. 2) (Sicily).
Thynnus sardus Risso, 1826, Hist. nat. Europe méridionale: 417 (Nice).
Pelamys sarda: Cuvier, 1832, in Cuv. Val., Hist. nat. Poissons, 8: 149, pl. 217 (Pelamis sarda on the plate).
Pelamis sarda: Valenciennes, 1843: 50.
'Pelamide': Couch, 1867, 4: 426, pl. 82.
Pelamys sarda: Day, 1881:102, pl. 38 Moreau, 1881: 430.
Sarda mediterranea: Jordan & Gilbert, 1883b: 427 Soljan, 1948 (transl. 1963): 147, fig. Zei, 1963: 546, pl. 202.
Sarda pelamis: Smitt, 1893: 105, fig. 30.
Sarda sarda: Le Gall, 1934: fiche no. 288 Nobre, 1935: 256, pl. 36 (fig. 116) Fowler, 1936: 626 Poll, 1947: 284, fig. 183 Fraser-Brunner, 1950: 147, fig. 11 Lozano Rey, 1952: 523, pl. 39 (fig. 4) Collins, 1954: 27 Dieuzeide et al., 1955: 147, fig. p. 147 Dollfus, 1955: 141 Numann, 1955: 75-127, 13 fig., 2 pl. Postel, 1955: 5, pl. 2 Tortonese, 1958: 330 Zarov et al., 1961: 57, fig. 34 Demir, 1963 Banarescu, 1964: 805, fig. 355 Bini, 1965: 191, fig. 191; 1968, 6: 37-38, col. fig. Wheeler, 1969: 400, fig.
Sarda pelamys: Duncker, 1960: 257.


Common names:

atlantic bonito [En]
balamid [Ar]
balamita [Eg]
bonite à dos rayé [Fr]
bonito atlantico [Es]
bonito [De]
bonito [De]
bonito [Es]
bonito [Ne]
bounitou [Ar]
gaiado [Pr]
palamida [He]
palamita [It]
palamut-torik [Tu]
pastirica [Hr]
pelamide [De]
pelamide [No]
pélamide [Fr]
plamtu [Mlt]
polanda [Hr]
sarda [Iw]

Banarescu, P. 1964. Pisces. Osteichthyes. Fauna Repub. pop. rom., Bucuresti, 13: 1-962, 402 fig.

Bauzá-Rullán, J. 1961. Contribución al conoscimiento de los otolitos de peces actuales. Boln R. Soc. esp. Hist. nat. (Biol.), 59 :153-168, pl. I-III.

Bini, G. 1965. Catalogue des noms de poissons, mollusques et crustacés d'importance commerciale en Méditerranée. Vito Bianco (FAO), Rome, xv+407 pp., 587 fig.

Bini, G. 1967-1972. Atlante dei pesci delle Coste italiane. Mondo Sommerso, Milano, 9 vol: I, 1967, Leptocardi, Ciclostomi, Selaci, 206 pp., 66 fig. + 64 col. fig. II, 1971, Osteitti (Acipenseriformi, Clupeiformi, Mictofiformi, Anguilliformi), 300 pp., 73 col. fig. III, 1970, Notacantiformi . . . Zeiformi, 229 pp., 34 fig. + 63 col. fig. IV, 1968, Perciformi (Mugiloidei, Percoidei), 163 pp., 34 fig. + 49 col. fig. V, 1968, Perciformi (Percoidei), 175 pp., 22 fig. + 56 col. fig. VI, 1968, Perciformi (Trichiuroidei . . . Blennioidei), 177 pp., 48 fig + 57 col. fig. VII,1969, Perciformi (Ofidioidei . . . Dactilopteroidei), 196 pp., 57 fig. + 59 col. fig. VIII,1968, Pleuronettiformi, Echeniformi, Gobioesociformi, Tetraodontiformi, Lofiformi, 164 pp., 34 + 63 fig. IX, 1972, Introduzione. Parte generale. Aggiornamenti. Indici. 176 p.

Bloch, M. E.. 1785-1795. Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische, Berlin, 1, 1785: viii+ 136 pp., 36 pl. (CIX-CXLIV); 2, 1786: viii+160 pp., 36 pl. (CXLV-CLXXX); 3, 1787: xii +146 pp., 36 pl. (CLXXXI-CCXVI); 4, 1790: xii + 128 pp., 36 pl. (CCXVII-CCLII); 5, 1791: vi + 152 pp., 36 pl. (CCLIII-CCLXXXVIII); 6, 1792: iv +126 pp., 36 pl. (CCLXXXIX-CCCXXIII); 7, 1793: xii +144 pp., 36 pl. (CCCXXVCCCLX); 8, 1794: iv +174 pp., 36 pl. (CCCLXI-CCCXCVI); 9, 1795: ii +192 pp., 36 pl. (CCCXCVII-CCCCXXIX).

Bloch, M. E.; Schneider, J. G. 1801. M. E. Blochii Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit J. G. Schneider, Saxo. Berolini: Ix+584 pp., 110 pl.

Brünnich, M. T. 1768. Ichthyologia Massiliensis, sistens piscium descriptiones eorumque apud incolas nomina. Accedunt Spolia Maris Adriatici. Hafniae et Lipsiae. Ist part: Pisces massilienses: pp. xvi+1-84, 2nd part: Spolia e Mari Adriatica reportata: pp. 85-110.

Chaine, J. 1957. Recherches sur les otolithes des Poissons. . . Bull. Cent. Étud. Rech. scient. Biarritz, 1(4): pp. 465-557, 7 pl.

Collins, B. L. 1954. Lista de Peixes dos Mares dos Açores. Açoreana, 5 (2): 40 p.

Couch, J. 1867-1868. A History of the Fishes of the British Islands, 2nd Ed. London, 1, 1867: vii + 245 p., fig. n. num., col. pl. I-LVII; 2, 1867: iv + 265 pp., col. pl. LVIII CXX, 3, 1868: iv + 208 pp., col. pl. CXXI-CLXXIX; 4, 1867: iv + 439 pp., fig. n. num., col. pl. CLXXX-CCXVIII + XV, LXXVI, LXXXII, CXXIII.

Cuvier, G.; Valenciennes, A. 1828-1849. Histoire naturelle des Poissons, Paris-Strasbourg, 22 vol., 11030 pp., 621 pl. (numb. 1-650).1,1828: xvi+573 pp., pl. I-VIII [author: Cuvier]; 2, 1828: xxi+490 pp., pl. 9-40 [Cuv.: pp. 1-238, pp. 249-262, pp. 387-490; Val.: pp. 238-249, pp. 262-386]; 3 April 1829: xxiii+500 pp., pl. 41-71 [Cuvier]; 4, 1829: xxvi+518 pp., pl. 72-99 [Cuvier]; 5, 1830: xxviii+499 pp., pl. 100-140 [Cuvier]; 6, 1830: xxiv+pp.559 pp., pl. 141-169 [Val.: pp. 1-425, 493-559; Cuv.: 426-491]; 7, 1831: xxix + 531 pp., pl. 170-208 [Cuv.: 1-440; Val.: pp. 441-531]; 8, 1832: xix+509 pp., pl. 209-245 [Cuv.: pp. 1-470; Val.: pp. 471-509]; 9, 1833: xxix+512 pp., pl. 246-279 [Cuv.: pp. 1-198, pp. 330-359, pp. 372-427; Val.: pp. 199-329, pp. 359-371, pp. 429-512]; 10, 1835: xxiv+482 pp., pl. 280-306 [Val.]; 11, 1836: xx+506 pp., pl. 307-343 [Val.]; 12, 1837: xxix+507 pp., pl. 344-368 [Val.]; 13, 1839: xix+505 pp., pl. 369-388 [Val.]; 14, 1840: xxii+464 pp., pl. 389-420 [Val.]; 15, 1840: xxi + 540 pp., pl. 421-455 [Val.]; 16, 1842: xx+472 pp., pl. 456-487 [Val.]; 17, 1844: xxiii+497 pp., pl. 487-519 [Val.]; 18, 1846: xix+505 pp., pl. 520-553 [Val.]; 19, 1847: xix+544 pp., pl. 554-590 [Val.]; 20, 1847: xviii+472 pp., pl. 591-606 [Val.]; 21, 1848: xiv+536 pp., pl. 607-633 [Val.]; 22, 1849: xx+532 pp., pl. 634-650 [Val.].

Day, F. 1880-1884. The Fishes of Great Britain and Ireland. London-Edinburgh, 2 vol., cxii+336 pp., 5 +7 fig., 92 pl. and 388 pp., 87 pl. 1880: 1(1): pp. 1-64, pl. I-XXVII; 1881: 1(2) (3): pp. 65-240, pl. XXVIII-LXVIII; 1882: 1(4): pp. 241-336, pl. LXIX-XCII; 2 (5): pp. 1-96, pl. XCIII-CXVI; 1883: 2 (6): pp. 97-176, pl. CXVII-CXXXII; 2 (7): pp. 177-272, pl. CXXXIII-CXLVIII; 1884: 2 (8): pp. 273-368, pl. CXLIX-CLXXIX.

Demir, M. 1963b. Synopsis of biological data on Bonito, Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793). Actes Reun. scient. mond. Biol. Thon et esp. voisines. II, Species synopses, FAO, Rome, (1): pp. 101-129, 13 fig.

Dieuzeide, R.; Novella, M. (collab. J. Roland), 1953-1955. Catalogue des Poissons des Côtes algériennes. Bull. Stn Aquic. Pêch. Castiglione, I (n.s.), (4), 1952 [1953]: pp. 1-135, 73 fig. n. num.; II (n.s.), (5), 1953 [1954]: pp. 1-258, 135 fig. n. num.; III (n.s.), (6), 1954 [1955]: pp. 1-384, 202 fig. n. num.

Dollfus, R. Ph. 1955. Première contribution à l'établissement d'un fichier ichthyologique du Maroc atlantique de Tanger à l'embouchure de l'Oued Dra. Trav. Inst. scient. chérif., Zool, (6): 227 pp., 1 map.

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Fitch, J. E.; Craig, W. 1964. First record for the bigeye Tresher (Alopias superciliosus) and slender Tuna (Allothunnus fallai) from California, with notes on eastern Pacific Scombrid otoliths. Calif. Fish Game, 50 (3): 195-206, 7 fig.

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Jordan, D. S.; Gilbert, C. H. 1883b. Synopsis of the Fishes of North America. Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., (16), 1882 [1883]: Ivi +1018 pp.

Klawe, W. L.; Shimada, B. M. 1959. Young scombroid fishes from the Gulf of Mexico. Bull mar. Sci. Gulf Caribb., Miami, 9 (1) :100-115, 7 fig.

Le Gall, J. 1934. Germo alalunga, Euthynnus alleteratus, Katsuwonus pelamys, Orcynopsis unicolor, Sarda sarda, Auxis thazard. In: L. Joubin, ed., Faune ichthyol. Atlant. N., Copenhagen: fiches 282-283, fiches 286-289.

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