Author: Linnaeus, 1758

Dentex (Dentex) dentex Linnaeus, 1758

Diagnosis: upper profile of head regularly convex in adults, almost straight in the young. Slight hump at forehead in the oldest specimens. Gillrakers 9-10 lower, 8-9 upper. D XI + 11-12; A III + 7-9. Length of dorsal spines increasing to fourth or fifth then subequal. Lateral line scales 62-68 to caudal base. Colour: young greyish, dorsally blackspotted, pinkish at maturity, grey-blue in the oldest specimens; dorsal spots more or less shaded with age. Size: to 100 cm SL, usually 35-50 cm.

Habitat: inshore waters on rocky bottoms to 200 m, more common between 15 and 50 m. Young gregarious, the oldest solitary. Food: carnivorous (fish, molluscs). Reproduction: May (Mediterranean); gonochoric, some specimens hermaphroditic.

Distribution: Mediterranean, most common south of 40° N (Spain, North Africa); Black Sea (very rare); Atlantic from Bay of Biscay to Cape Blanc and Madeira, exceptionally to British Isles. Elsewhere, southward to Senegal.

Eggs, larvae and young stages. Holt, 1899: 714 | Lo Bianco, 1909: 714 | Ranzi, 1930: 407-416; 1933: 333, pl. 22 (fig. 1-4) | de Gaetani, 1938: 1-8, 7 fig. | Vodjanitzki & Kazanova, 1954: 266, fig. 18.
Otoliths (sagitta). Sanz Echeverría, 1926: 152, fig. 35-36;1929: 75, pl. 5 (fig. 10-11) | Chaine, 1937: 49, pl. 5.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Osteichthyes
Order Perciformes
Suborder Percoidei
Family Sparidae
Genus Dentex
Species Dentex dentex

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Synonym of Dentex (Dentex) dentex (Linnaeus, 1758)

Scientific synonyms and common names

Dentex (Dentex) dentex Linnaeus, 1758

Synonyms:

Sparus Dentex Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. X: 281 ('Habitat in Mari infero et supero').
Dentex vulgaris Valenciennes, 1830, in Cuv. Val., Hist. nat. Poiss., 6: 220, pl. 153 (Mediterranean). Two syntypes: MNHN no 9121, A 8111.
Dentex vulgaris: Günther, 1859,1: 366 Day, 1880: 19, pl. 7 Moreau, 1881, 3: 56 Doderlein, 1889: 128 Soljan, 1963: 330, fig. 762.
Dentex dentex: Jordan & Fesler, 1893, 17: 505 (S. Europe & Northern Africa) Nobre, 1935: 60, pl. 9 (fig. 26 27) Fowler, 1936: 813 Lozano Rey, 1952: 126, fig. 6, pl. 8 (fig. 1) Dieuzeide et al., 1955: 19, fig. Svetovidov, 1964: 274, fig. 81 Banarescu, 1964: 692, fig. 300 Bini, 1968, 4: 97, fig. Wheeler, 1969: 350, fig. 117.


Common names:

addad [Eg]
common dentex [En]
denci [Mlt]
dentao [Pr]
dente [Fr]
denté commun [Fr]
dentex [En]
denti [Ar]
dentice [It]
dentik [Ar]
denton [Es]
dentón común [Es]
shenun [Iw]
sinagrit [Tu]
synagrida [He]
zubatac [Hr]

Banarescu, P. 1964. Pisces. Osteichthyes. Fauna Repub. pop. rom., Bucuresti, 13: 1-962, 402 fig.

Bini, G. 1967-1972. Atlante dei pesci delle Coste italiane. Mondo Sommerso, Milano, 9 vol: I, 1967, Leptocardi, Ciclostomi, Selaci, 206 pp., 66 fig. + 64 col. fig. II, 1971, Osteitti (Acipenseriformi, Clupeiformi, Mictofiformi, Anguilliformi), 300 pp., 73 col. fig. III, 1970, Notacantiformi . . . Zeiformi, 229 pp., 34 fig. + 63 col. fig. IV, 1968, Perciformi (Mugiloidei, Percoidei), 163 pp., 34 fig. + 49 col. fig. V, 1968, Perciformi (Percoidei), 175 pp., 22 fig. + 56 col. fig. VI, 1968, Perciformi (Trichiuroidei . . . Blennioidei), 177 pp., 48 fig + 57 col. fig. VII,1969, Perciformi (Ofidioidei . . . Dactilopteroidei), 196 pp., 57 fig. + 59 col. fig. VIII,1968, Pleuronettiformi, Echeniformi, Gobioesociformi, Tetraodontiformi, Lofiformi, 164 pp., 34 + 63 fig. IX, 1972, Introduzione. Parte generale. Aggiornamenti. Indici. 176 p.

Chaine, J. 1937. Recherches sur les otolithes des Poissons. . . (suite). Act. Soc. linn. Bordeaux, 89: pp. 1-252, 20 pl.

Cuvier, G.; Valenciennes, A. 1828-1849. Histoire naturelle des Poissons, Paris-Strasbourg, 22 vol., 11030 pp., 621 pl. (numb. 1-650).1,1828: xvi+573 pp., pl. I-VIII [author: Cuvier]; 2, 1828: xxi+490 pp., pl. 9-40 [Cuv.: pp. 1-238, pp. 249-262, pp. 387-490; Val.: pp. 238-249, pp. 262-386]; 3 April 1829: xxiii+500 pp., pl. 41-71 [Cuvier]; 4, 1829: xxvi+518 pp., pl. 72-99 [Cuvier]; 5, 1830: xxviii+499 pp., pl. 100-140 [Cuvier]; 6, 1830: xxiv+pp.559 pp., pl. 141-169 [Val.: pp. 1-425, 493-559; Cuv.: 426-491]; 7, 1831: xxix + 531 pp., pl. 170-208 [Cuv.: 1-440; Val.: pp. 441-531]; 8, 1832: xix+509 pp., pl. 209-245 [Cuv.: pp. 1-470; Val.: pp. 471-509]; 9, 1833: xxix+512 pp., pl. 246-279 [Cuv.: pp. 1-198, pp. 330-359, pp. 372-427; Val.: pp. 199-329, pp. 359-371, pp. 429-512]; 10, 1835: xxiv+482 pp., pl. 280-306 [Val.]; 11, 1836: xx+506 pp., pl. 307-343 [Val.]; 12, 1837: xxix+507 pp., pl. 344-368 [Val.]; 13, 1839: xix+505 pp., pl. 369-388 [Val.]; 14, 1840: xxii+464 pp., pl. 389-420 [Val.]; 15, 1840: xxi + 540 pp., pl. 421-455 [Val.]; 16, 1842: xx+472 pp., pl. 456-487 [Val.]; 17, 1844: xxiii+497 pp., pl. 487-519 [Val.]; 18, 1846: xix+505 pp., pl. 520-553 [Val.]; 19, 1847: xix+544 pp., pl. 554-590 [Val.]; 20, 1847: xviii+472 pp., pl. 591-606 [Val.]; 21, 1848: xiv+536 pp., pl. 607-633 [Val.]; 22, 1849: xx+532 pp., pl. 634-650 [Val.].

Day, F. 1880-1884. The Fishes of Great Britain and Ireland. London-Edinburgh, 2 vol., cxii+336 pp., 5 +7 fig., 92 pl. and 388 pp., 87 pl. 1880: 1(1): pp. 1-64, pl. I-XXVII; 1881: 1(2) (3): pp. 65-240, pl. XXVIII-LXVIII; 1882: 1(4): pp. 241-336, pl. LXIX-XCII; 2 (5): pp. 1-96, pl. XCIII-CXVI; 1883: 2 (6): pp. 97-176, pl. CXVII-CXXXII; 2 (7): pp. 177-272, pl. CXXXIII-CXLVIII; 1884: 2 (8): pp. 273-368, pl. CXLIX-CLXXIX.

Döderlein, P. 1879-1891. Manuale Ittiologico del Mediterraneo ossia senossi metodica delle varie specie di pesci riscontrate sin qui nel Mediterraneo ed in particolare nei mari di Sicilia. Palermo, 1879-1891 (on title: '1879-1880') 5 parts: I, 1879: viii+67 pp.; II, 1881: pp. 1-120; III, 1884: pp. 121-258; IV, 1889: pp. 1-188; V, 1891: pp. 189-320.

Gaetani, D. de 1938. Uova, sviluppo embrionale e stadi post-embrionali negli Sparidi. 6. Dentex vulgaris Cuv. Memorie R. Com. talassogr. ital, 255 :1-8, 7 fig.

Holt, E. W. L. 1899b. Recherches sur la reproduction des Poissons osseux principalement dans le Golfe de Marseille. Annls Mus. Hist. nat. Marseille, 5 (2): 128 pp., pl. 1-9 (106 fig.).

Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae, ed. X, vol. 1, 824 pp. Nantes & Pisces: pp. 230-338. (Reprint, 1956, London.)

Lo Bianco, S. 1909. Notizie biologiche riguardanti specialmente il periodo di maturita sessuale degli animali del golfo di Napoli. Mitt. zool Stn Neapel, 19: pp. 513-761.

Moreau, E. 1881-1891. Histoire naturelle des poissons de la France, Paris, I, 1881: pp. I-VII+1-480, fig. 1-82; II, 1881: pp. 1-572, fig. 83-145; III, 1881: pp. 1-697, fig. 146-220; Suppl., 1891: pp. 1-144, fig. 221-227.

Ranzi, S. 1930. Stadi giovanili di Sparidi del Golfo di Napoli. Pubbl. Staz. zool. Napoli, 10: 407-416.

Ranzi, S. 1933. Sparidae, Lobotidae in Uova, larve e stadi giovanili di Teleostei. Fauna Flora Golfo Napoli, 38: 332-383, fig. 257-262, pl. XXII-XXX.

Sanz Echeverria, J. 1926. Datos sobre el otolito, sagitta de los peces de España. Boln R. Soc. esp. Hist. nat., 26 (1): pp. 145-160, 71 fig.

Sanz Echeverria, J. 1929. Investigaciones sobre otolitos de peces de Melilla. Boln R. Soc. esp. Hist. nat., 29 (2): 71-80, fig. 1, pl. V-VI.

Svetovidov, A. N. 1964. Rîbî Chernogo Morya. [The fishes of the Black Sea]. Opred Faune SSSR, 86: pp. 1-552, fig. 1-191 (in Russian).

Vodjanitzki, W. A.; Kazanova, I. I. 1954. Opredelitel pelaghiceski ikrino i licino rib Cernogo Morea [Key for identification of the pelagic eggs and fish larvae in the Black Sea]. Trudy vses. nauchno-issled. Inst. morsk. ryb. khoz. Okeanogr., 28: 240-327, 72 fig.

Wheeler, A. 1969. The Fishes of the British Isles and North-West Europe. Macmillan, London, Melbourne and Toronto: pp. i-xvii+1-163, 5+177 fig., 392 fig. (princ. sp.), 92 n. num. fig., 16 pl., maps.

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