Author: Linnaeus, 1758

Labrus bimaculatus Linnaeus, 1758

Diagnosis: elongate body. Head longer than high and longer than body depth. Snout pointed. Mouth rather large. Canine-like teeth sharp, rather strong (9-10/12-19). Lips with 7-10 folds. Dorsal fin uniform in height, its soft part longer than high. Dorsal finrays XVI-XIX + 11-14; anal finrays III + 9-12. Scales along lateral line 45-48, on temporooccipital surface 40-52; rows of scales above lateral line 7.5-8.5, on inter-operculum 2 (about 12 scales), on cheeks 6-8, behind eye 7-8. Gillrakers 17-20. Vertebrae 38-40. Colour: remarkably different for each sex. Males: head and front of back blue marked with green, body and fins yellow or orange with blue stripes and blotches on back, sides and fins. Females and juveniles: orange, pink or bright red with 3 black (or dark brown) blotches on back, 2 marking also proximal part of soft dorsal rays, third on upper margin of caudal peduncle, and a series of white blotches (in living animals) on back, sometimes from beginning of dorsal fin to tail, often on rear part only. Size: to 35 cm SL, usually 25-30 cm.

Habitat: Iittoral (2-200 m, mainly 40-80 m). Behaviour: usually solitary or in pairs with young. Nest of algae in seaweed. Food mainly crustaceans but also fishes and molluscs. Reproduction: English Channel and North Sea in May-July; western Mediterranean in March-June. Mature when 2 years old (16 cm, Mediterranean). Age and growth. to 17 years. When 7 years old males measure 26 cm and females 24 cm; when 17 years old males measure 32.5 cm (Mediterranean).

Distrihution: in Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic from Norway (Trondhjem) to Madeira and the Azores, southwards to Senegal.

Eggs, larvae and young stages. Allen, 1917: 223, fig. 1 | Ford, 1922: 695, fig. 1.
Otoliths (sagitta). Retzius, 1881: 69 | Scott, 1906: 61, fig. 15 | Sanz Echeverría, 1926: 155, fig. 17-18 | Frost, 1928: 452 | Chaine, 1942: 23 | Bauzá-Rullán, 1957: 6.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Osteichthyes
Order Perciformes
Suborder Percoidei
Family Labridae
Genus Labrus
Species Labrus bimaculatus

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Synonym of Labrus mixtus Linnaeus, 1758

Scientific synonyms and common names

Labrus bimaculatus Linnaeus, 1758

Synonyms:

Labrus bimaculatus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. X: 285 ('Habitat in M. Mediterraneo').
Labrus ossifagus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. X: 286 ('Habitat in Europa').
Labrus mixtus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. nat., ed. X: 287 ('Habitat Liburni').
Labrus coeruleus Ascanius, 1772, Icon. rer. nat., 2: 5, pl. 12 ('Golfes aux environs de Lindersnes').
Labrus carneus Ascanius, 1772, Icon. rer. nat., 2: 6, pl. 13 ('Golfes aux environs de Lindersnes').
Labrus trimaculatus Bonnaterre, 1788, Tabl. encycl. méth.: 113, pl. 98 (fig. 401) ('Les mers de la Grande-Bretagne').
Labrus lineatus Bonnaterre, 1788, Tabl. encycl. méth.: 113, pl. 98 (fig. 402) ('Les mers de la Grande-Bretagne').
Labrus bimaculatus: Bonnaterre, 1788: 112 Jordan, 1891: 611 Carus, 1893: 597 Fowler, 1936: 965, 1313 Tortonese, 1939: 373 Maul, 1948: 152 Lozano Rey, 1952: 399, pl. 31 (fig. 1-2) Duncker, 1960: 241, fig. 91 Luther & Fiedler, 1961: 49, 62, pl. 4 Soljan, 1963: 298, 3 fig. Tortonese, 1963: 175 Zei, 1963: 535, pl. 196 Quignard, 1965: 250 Bini, 1965: 170,1 fig. Quignard, 1966: 29, fig. 31.
Labrus trimaculatus: Gmelin, 1789: 1294 Donovan, 1804, 3, pl. 49 Risso, 1810: 219 Valenciennes, 1839, in Cuv. Val., 13: 58 Guichenot, 1850: 83 Desvaux, 1851: 79.
Labrus variegatus Gmelin, 1789, Syst. Nat., ed. XIII: 1294 ('Habitat propre insulas Skerry').
Labrus coquus Gmelin, 1789, Syst. Nat., ed. XIII: 1297 ('Habitat in Cornubiae littore').
Labrus vetula Bloch, 1797, Ichthyol., 9: 14, pl. 293 ('Norvège, côtes de Bretagne et Normandie, Mer du Nord').
Labrus carneus: Bloch, 1797, 9: 3, pl. 289 Bloch & Schneider, 1801: 249 Cuvier, 1817: 261; 1829: 256.
Labrus luvarus Rafinesque, 1810, Caratt. Gen. Spec. Sicil.: 38 ('Sicilia').
Labrus lineatus: Risso, 1810: 220 Cuvier, 1829: 255 Thompson, 1837: 580.
Labrus variegatus: Risso, 1810: 229 Cuvier, 1829: 255.
Labrus mixtus: Risso, 1810: 222;1826: 308 Valenciennes, 1839, in Cuv. Val., 13: 43 Guichenot, 1850: 83 Günther, 1862: 74 Canestrini, 1866: 113 Steindachner, 1868: 23 Canestrini, 1875: 66 Stossich, 1879: 59 Day, 1880 1884: 256, pl. 72 Moreau, 1881: 96 Reguis, 1882: 280 Rochebrune, 1883: 103 Hilgendorf, 1888: 210 Malard, 1890 1891: 87 Gourret, 1893: 17, pl. 5 (fig. 43-45) Sucker, 1895: 64 Zugmayer, 1911:117 Otterstrøm, 1912: 131, fig. 63 Le Danois, 1913: 63, fig. 96-97 Facciolà, 1916: 142 Roule, 1919: 132 Caporiacco, 1921: 60 Joubin & Le Danois, 1924: 129, 2 fig. Mohr, 1927: 87, fig. 2 Caraffa, 1929: 165, 2 fig. Le Gall, in Joubin, 1931: 261, 2 fig. Nobre, 1935: 79 Andersson, 1942: 65, fig. 3 Erazi, 1943: 145, fig. 1-20 Albuquerque, 1954-1956: 770 Dieuzeide et al., 1955: 73, 2 fig. Le Gall & Cantacuzène, 1956: 33 Bougis, 1959: 47. fig. 4 Palombi & Santarelli, 1961: 63, 1 fig., pl. 1 Wheeler, 1969: 368, 1 fig., pl. 12.
Labrus quadrimaculatus Risso, 1826, Hist. nat. Eur. mérid., 3: 302. Type: lost.
Labrus larvatus Lowe, 1850, Proc. zool. Soc. London: 249 (Madeira). Type: BMNH no. 1860.4.22.44-45.
Labrus coeruleus: Desvaux, 1851: 76.
Labrus larvatus: Lowe, 1852: 51.
Labrus lineolatus: Canestrini, 1875: 66.
Labrus ossifagus: Muus & Dahlström, 1966: 128, fig. 86.


Common names:

blasnuetra [Sv]
blåstak [No]
chilou [He]
cuckoo wrasse [En]
gallano [Es]
kheddir [Ar]
khoddair [Eg]
labre mêlé [Fr]
lâpin [Tu]
Lippfisch [De]
scour [Ar]
smokva [Hr]
tordo fischietto [It]
vieille coquette [Fr]

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