Author: Nordmann, 1840

Clupeonella cultriventris Nordmann, 1840

Diagnosis: small silvery fishes, elongate, somewhat compressed; belly with a distinct keel of scutes. Lower jaw projecting; gillrakers 41-62 on lower part of first arch. Pelvic fin origin below about middle of dorsal fin base; last two anal finrays enlarged; no wing-like alar scales at base of caudal fin. Colour: back blue/green, flanks silvery. Size: to 14.5 cm, usually 6-10 cm.

Habitat: pelagic, euryhaline, essentially a brackish-water species (tolerating salinities up to 13%), but with semi-anadromous and purely freshwater forms in rivers and lakes; shoaling, with migrations between winter or autumn feeding and summer spawning grounds. Food: zooplankton, chiefly copepods, also cladocerans, rotifers, mysids, mollusc larvae and small fishes. Reproduction: In early summer in the Sea of Azov (peak in May) and in the lower reaches of rivers (e.g. the Dnieper and Dniester, from about May), the latter populations then spending the rest of the summer in the Black Sea before returning to the rivers in August to November.

Distribution: brackish waters of the north-western part of the Black Sea and also Sea of Azov and Caspian (the subspecies C. cultriventris caspia); also, most of the affluent rivers of the area, reaching as far as 60 km upstream. An abundant species and among the top commercial fishes of the Sea of Azov.

Eggs, larvae and young stages. Vodjanitzki & Kazanova, 1954: 245, fig. 4 | Kryzanowsky, 1956: 245, fig. 65-70.
Otoliths (sagitta). No data.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Osteichthyes
Order Clupeiformes
Family Clupeidae
Genus Clupeonella
Species Clupeonella cultriventris

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Accepted name: Clupeonella cultriventris (Nordmann, 1840)

Scientific synonyms and common names

Clupeonella cultriventris Nordmann, 1840

Synonyms:

Clupea cultriventris Nordmann, 1840, loc. cit.: 522.
Clupea delicatula Nordmann, 1840, loc. cit.: 524.
Alosa cultriventris: Kessler, 1859, 30 (4): 458.
Alosa delicatula: Kessler, 1859: 461.
Harengula cultriventris: Berg, 1913, (8)11: 480.
Harengula delicatula: Berg, 1913: 480.
Clupeonella delicatula: Berg, 1932,1: 102 (partly: Black Sea).
? Clupeonella cultriventris: Berg, 1932: 105.
Clupeonella (Harengula) delicatula: Borcea, 1936a,1(3): 217.
Clupeonella delicatula delicatula: Svetovidov, 1941, 31(8): 808; 1945, 46 (5): 208; 1952: 194, pl. VIII (fig. 1); 1964: 85, fig. 23.
Clupeonella delicatula azovi Vladimirov, 1950, Dokl. Acad. Nauk SSSR, 52 (1): 125 (Azov Sea).
Clupeonella cultriventris cultriventris: Banarescu, 1964: 229, fig. 100-101.


Common names:

clupeonelle [Fr]
gingirica [Ro]
kaspiiskaja tyulka [R]
tyul'ka [Ru]
tyulka sprat [En]
tzatza [Bu]

Berg, L. S. 1913. A Review of the Clupeoid Fishes of the Caspian Sea, with Remarks on the Herring-like Fishes of the Russian Empire, Ann. Mag. nat. Hisr., (8)11: pp. 472-480.

Berg, L. S. 1932-1933. Les poissons des eaux douces de l'U.R.S.S. et des pays limitrophes, ed. 3, Leningrad, 1, 1932: 554 pp., fig. 1-474; 2, 1933: pp. 545-903, fig. 475-762, map (in Russian).

Borcea, I. 1936a. Note sur le genre Clupeonella Kessler (Harengula Berg) de la Mer Noire, C.r. Séanc. Acad. Sci. Roum., 1(3): 217-219.

Kessler, K. 1859. Auszüge aus dem Berichte über eine an die nordwestlichen Küsten der Schwarzen Meeres und durch die westliche Krym unternommene Reise (II. Stachelflosser). Byull mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., 32 (1): 520-546; 32 (2): 186-268; 437-478.

Kryzanowsky, S. G. 1956. Materialy po razvitiu sel'devikh rib. Trudy Inst. Morf. Zhivot., 17: 255 pp., 70 fig. (in Russian).

Nordmann, A. von. 1840. Observations sur la faune pontique in A. de Demidoff, Voyage dans la Russie méridionale et la Crimée par la Hongrie, la Valachie et la Moldavie, exécuté en 1837 sous la direction de M. Anatole de Demidoff, Paris, 3: 355-635, Atlas: 32 col. pl. [1842].

Svetovidov, A. N. 1941. On the origin of Clupeonella abrau in relation to the development conditions of the herring population in the Caspian, Black and Azov Seas. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 31(8): pp. 807-811.

Svetovidov, A. N. 1945. On Clupeonella delicatula (Nordmann) of the Caspian and that of the Black and Azov Seas. Vokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 46 (5): pp. 207-208.

Svetovidov, A. N. 1952. [Clupeidae, Fauna U.S.S.R., Fishes], 2 (1): 331 pp., 54 fig., 53 pl. (Engl. transl., Jerusalem, 1963: 374 pp.).

Svetovidov, A. N. 1964. Rîbî Chernogo Morya. [The fishes of the Black Sea]. Opred Faune SSSR, 86: pp. 1-552, fig. 1-191 (in Russian).

Vladimirov, V. J. 1950. 0 systematicheskom polozenii azovskoy i chernomorskoy tyul'ki Clupeonella delicatula (Nordmann). Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 70 (1): 125128 (in Russian).

Vodjanitzki, W. A.; Kazanova, I. I. 1954. Opredelitel pelaghiceski ikrino i licino rib Cernogo Morea [Key for identification of the pelagic eggs and fish larvae in the Black Sea]. Trudy vses. nauchno-issled. Inst. morsk. ryb. khoz. Okeanogr., 28: 240-327, 72 fig.

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