Author: Linnaeus, 1758

Glyptocephalus cynoglossus Linnaeus, 1758

Diagnosis: pectoral fin of eyed side shorter than head. Dorsal finrays 95-120; anal finrays 85-102. Lateral line scales 110-140. Colour: brownish or greyish-brown; body and fins thickly speckled with minute black dots; median fins more or less dusky towards their margins, distal part of pectoral fin blackish. Size: to about 60 cm SL, seldom more than 40 cm.

Habitat: on soft bottoms in fairly deep water, most often between 50 and 500 m. Food: crustaceans, polychaetes and brittlestars. Reproduction: spawns between May and September. Commercial importance: taken as by-catch mainly in the North Sea and off Iceland.

Distribution: eastern Atlantic, from northern Spain to northern Norway. Elsewhere, western Atlantic southwards to Cape Cod.

Eggs, larvae and young stages. Ehrenbaum, 1905: 171-177 | Norman, 1934: 269.
Otoliths (sagitta). Schmidt, 1968: 62.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Osteichthyes
Order Pleuronectiformes
Suborder Pleuronectoidei
Family Pleuronectidae
Genus Glyptocephalus
Species Glyptocephalus cynoglossus

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Accepted name: Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Scientific synonyms and common names

Glyptocephalus cynoglossus Linnaeus, 1758

Synonyms:

Pleuronectes Cynoglossus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. X: 269 ('Habitat in
Oceano Belgium alluente').
Pleuronectes saxicola Faber, 1828b, Tidskr. Naturv., 5: 244 (Denmark).
Pleuronectes nigromanus Nilsson, 1829, Isis (Oken), 22: 401 (North Sea).
Platessa elongata Yarrell, 1839, Hist. Brit. Fish., ed. 1, Suppl.: 33 (England).
Glyptocephalus cynoglossus: Norman, 1934: 364, fig. 264 (additional synonyms and references) Joensen & Tåning, 1970: 193-194.


Common names:

dlinnaja kambala [Ru]
lingua [Pr]
mando [Es]
mareflyndre [No]
plie cynoglosse [Fr]
rödtunga [Sv]
Rotzunge [De]
skærising [Da]
smørflyndre [No]
witch [En]
witje [Ne]

Faber, F. 1828b. Kort efterretning om en zoologisk reise til det nordligste Jylland i sommeren 1827. Tidskr. Naturv., Kjøbenh., 5: 243-256.

Joensen, J. S.; Tåning, Å. V. 1970. Marine and Freshwater Fishes in Zoology of the Faroes, Copenhagen, 3 (62-63): 1-241.

Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae, ed. X, vol. 1, 824 pp. Nantes & Pisces: pp. 230-338. (Reprint, 1956, London.)

Nilsson, S. 1829. [Pleuronectes cynoglossus]. Isis (Oken), Heft III und IV: 401.

Norman, J. R. 1934. A systematic monograph of the flatfishes (Heterosomata). Vol. 1. London, 459 pp.

Schmidt, W. 1968. Vergleichend morphologische Studie über die Otolithen mariner Knochenfische. Arch. FischWiss., 19 (1): pp. 1-96, 184 fig., 25 pl.

Yarrell, W. 1836-1839. A History of British fishes, illustrated by nearly 400 wood-cuts, in two volumes, London, 1836,1: xxxvii+408 pp., 2: 472 pp., fig. n. num.; 1839, supplement: vi+48 pp., fig. (2nd ed., 1841, with suppl.; 3rd ed., 1859, additional species by J. Richardson, 1: xxxviii+675 pp., 2: 670 pp., 522 fig.).

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