Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)

Oxynotus centrina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Diagnosis: small sharks with body triangular in cross-section, very deep and very compressed. Mouth very small; lips thick, spongy, with a complex series of cross-folds; lower teeth in 9 series. Gill openings 5, very small. Two very high broad-based triangular dorsal fins, each with a large spine originating about at midpoint of their bases; first dorsal fin spine sloping forward, distance from tip of second dorsal spine to tip of fin rather shorter than the spine (tip to base). A horizontal dermal ridge between bases of pelvic and pectoral fins. Colour: black or deep brown with dark blotches on sides and head. Size: to 1.5 m, usually 50-60 cm.

Habitat: benthic on continental shelf and upper slope at 60-660 m. Food: no data. Reproduction: maturing at about 50 cm.

Distribution: Mediterranean and adjacent Atlantic, rarely into northern waters. Elsewhere, southward to Senegal, possibly even to South Africa.

Eggs, embryonic and young stages. Lo Bianco, 1909: 667 | Tortonese, 1956: 168 | Capapé, 1974a: 238.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Chondrichthyes
Superorder Pleurotremata
Family Oxinotidae
Genus Oxynotus
Species Oxynotus centrina

Status in World Register of Marine Species

Accepted name: Oxynotus centrina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Scientific synonyms and common names

Oxynotus centrina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Synonyms:

Oxynotus centrina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Squalus centrina Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. X, 1: 233 ('Habitat in Mari Mediterraneo'). No type material.
Squalus centrina: Bloch, 1787: 22-23, pl. CXV.
Oxynotus centrina: Rafinesque, 1810a: 45 Gill, 1862: 405 Duméril, 1865: 444-446, pl. V (fig. 8-9) Goode & Bean, 1896: 15, pl. VI (fig. 21) Regan, 1908: 42 Garman, 1913: 190-191 Lozano Rey, 1928: 468, fig. 156-157, pl. V (fig. 2) D'Ancona, 1931: pl. XIX Ehrenbaum, 1936: 288, fig. 253 Fowler, 1936: 68-69, fig. 18 Cadenat, 1950: 101 Poll, 1951: 57-58, fig. 29-30, pl. IV (fig. 1-2) Dieuzeide et al., 1953: 47 48, fig. Albuquerque, 1954-1956: 130-131, fig. 7980A Tortonese, 1956: 166-169, fig. 89 Bigelow & Schroeder, 1957: 14-17, fig. lA & 2C-F Della Croce, 1964: 205-211, 1 pl., 2 fig. Bini, 1967: 83-86, fig. Wheeler, 1969: 63-64, fig. Maurin & Bonnet, 1970: 14, fig. 9 Ledoux, 1970: 318-320, fig. 2.
Acanthorhinus centrina: Blainville, 1816: 121.
Centrina centrina: Cuvier, 1817b: 130 Nobre, 1935: 444-445, pl. LXI (fig. 192).
Centrina salviani Risso, 1826, Hist. nat. Eur. mérid., 3: 135-136 (Northern Mediterranean). No type material (new name only).
Squalus (Acanthorhinus) centrina: Blainville, 1820-1830: 61-63, pl. XV (fig. 1).
Centrina salviani: Bonaparte, 1836: fasc. XVII, pta. 84: 4 p., fig. 2 Müller & Henle, 1841: 87-88 Bocage & Capello, 1866: 32-34, pl. (fig. 2) Günther, 1870: 417 Canestrini, 1872: 41 Doderlein, 1881: 98-99 Calderwood, 1891-1892: 322-324, pl. XIII Carus, 1893: 502 Griffini, 1903: 108-109, fig. 57 Soljan, 1963: 6465, 2 fig.
Centrina vulpecula: Moreau, 1881, Hist. nat. Poiss. France, 1: 355-357, fig. 61 (new name only).
Centrina vulpecula: Roule, 1912: 17, 24.

Common names:

Angular rough shark [En]
Centrine commune [Fr]
Meersan [De]
Cerdo marino [Es]
Pesce porco [It]

*BIoch, M. E. 1782-84. Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands, Berlin, 3 vol.: 1,1782: 258 p.; 2,1783:192 p.; 3,1784: 234 p. (Index common with Bloch, 1785-95, with numerotation from volume 1 to volume 12), 108 pl.

*Nobre, A. 1935. Fauna marinha de Portugal. 1. Vertebrados (Mamiferos, Reptis e Peixes), Porto.: Ixxxiv+1-21 (Mamiferos); 1-5 (Reptis); 1-574 (Peixes), 77 pl., 64 phot.

Albuquerque, R. M. 1954-1956. Peixes de Portugal e ilhas adjacentes. Chavas para a sua determinação. Port. Acta biol., ser. B,5:xvi+1167 p., 445 fig.

Ancona, U. d'.1931a. Elasmobranchii. Tectospondyli-Oxynotidae. In: L. Joubin, ed., Faune ichthyol. Atlant. N., CIEM, Copenhagen, fiche 19.

Bigelow, H. B.; Schroeder, W. C. 1957. A study of the sharks of the suborder Squaloidea. Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 117 (1) :1-150, fig. 1-16, pl. IIV.

Bini, G. 1967-72. Atlante dei pesci delle Coste italiane. Mondo Sommerso, Milano, 9 vol: I, 1967, Leptocardi, Ciclostomi, Selaci, 206 p., 66 fig+64 col. fig. II, 1971, Osteitti (Acipenseriformi, Clupeiformi, Mictofiformi, Anguilliformi), 300 p., 73 col. fig. III, 1970, Notacantiformi . . . Zeiformi, 229 p., 34 fig+63 col. fig. IV, 1968, Perciformi (Mugiloidei, Percoidei), 163 p., 34 fig+49 col. fig. V, 1968, Perciformi (Percoidei), 175 p., 22 fig.+56 col. fig. VI, 1968, Perciformi (Trichiuroidei . . . Blennioidei), 177 p., 48 fig+57 col. fig. VII,1969, Perciformi (Ofidioidei . . . Dactilopteroidei), 196 p., 57 fig.+59 col. fig. VIII,1968, Pleuronettiformi, Echeniformi, Gobioesociformi, Tetraodontiformi, Lofiformi, 164 p., 34+63 fig. IX, 1972, Introduzione. Parte generale. Aggiornamenti. Indici. 176 p.

Blainville, H. M. Ducrotay de. 1816. Prodrome d'une nouvelle distribution systématique du règne animal. Bull. Soc. philomath. Paris, 8 :105 (=113)-124.

Blainville, H. M. Ducrotay de. 1825. Vertébrés. Classe V. Poissons. Sous classe Ire. Poissons cartilagineux. In: P. Vieillot et al., 1820-30, Faune francaise ou histoire naturelle générale et particulière des animaux qui se trouvent en France, livr. 13-14, 96 p., 22 pl. (num. I to 68 with lacks).

Bocage, J. V. B.; Capello, F. de. 1866. Notes pour servir à l'ichthyologie du Portugal. Poissons Plagiostomes, pt. I. Squales: 40 p., 3 pl.

Bonaparte, C. L. 1832-41, Iconografia della Fauna italica per le quattro classi degli Animali Vertebrati, tomo III, Pesci, Roma, without pagination, 75 puntate (in 30 fasc.), 78 pl.

Cadenat, J.1950. Note sur les merlus de la côte occidentale d'Afrique. Congr. Pêches Pêcher. Un. Franc. d'Outre-Mer, Inst. Col. Marseille :128-130.

Calderwood, W. L. 1891-92. Notes on Centrina Salviani. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., 2: 322-324, pl. 13.

Canestrini, G.1871-72. Pesci d'Italia. Parte I, 1871, Pesci delle acque dolci: 436, 2 fig., Parte II, 1872, Pesci marini: 37-208. In: E. Cornalia, 1870-74, Fauna d'Italia, Milano, 3 :1-208.

Capapé, C. 1974a. Observations sur la sexualite, la reproduction et la fecondite de 16 Selaciens pleurotremes, ovipares, aplacentaires des cotes tunisiennes. Arch. Inst. Pasteur Tunis, 51: 229-256, 329-344.

Carus, J. V. 1893. Vertebrata. 1. class. Pisces: 498-711, In: Prodromus faunae Mediterraneae sive Descriptio Animalium Maris Mediterranei incolarum quam comparata silva rerum quatenus innotuit adiectis locis et nominibus vulgaribus. . . Stuttgart, 1899-93, 2: ix+854 p.

Cuvier, G.1817b. Le règne animal distribué d'après son organisation, pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à l'anatomie comparée, 4 vol. Paris. Poissons, 2 :104-351.

Della Croce, N. 1964. Ritrovamento di Oxynotus centrina (L.), nel Mar Ligure (Pisces). Atti Soc. ital. Sci. nat., 103 (3): 205-211, 1 pl., 2 fig.

Dieuzeide, R.; Novella, M. (collab. J. Roland), 1953-55. Catalogue des Poissons des Côtes algériennes. Bull. Stn Aquic. Pêch. Castiglione, I (n.s.), (4), 1952 [1953]: 1-135, 73 fig. n. num.; II (n.s.), (5), 1953 [1954] :1-258, 135 fig. n. num.; III (n.s.), (6), 1954 [1955] :1-384, 202 fig. n. num.

Döderlein, P.1879-91. Manuale Ittiologico del Mediterraneo ossia senossi metodica delle varie specie di pesci riscontrate sin qui nel Mediterraneo ed in particolare nei mari di Sicilia. Palermo, 1879-91 (on title: '1879-80') 5 parts: I, 1879: viii+67 p.; II, 1881:1-120; III, 1884 :121-258; IV, 1889 :1-188; V, 1891:189-320.

Duméril, A. H. A.1865. Histoire naturelle des poissons ou ichthyologie générale, Paris, 2 vol., 1: 720 p., Atlas: 14 pl.

Ehrenbaum, E. 1936. Naturgeschichte und wirtschaftliche Bedeutung der Seefische Nordeuropas, in Handbuch der Seefischerei N. Eur., 2: x+337 p., 276 fig., 2 tabl., 26 pl.

Fowler, H. W.1936. The Marine Fishes of West Africa, based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition 1909-15. Bull. am. Mus. nat. Hist., 70 (1), Jan. 21, 1936: vii+606 p., fig. 1-275; (2), Nov. 18,1936: 607-1493, fig. 276-567.

Garman, S. 1913. The Plagiostomia (Sharks, Skates, and Rays). Mem. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 36: xiii+528 p., 77 pl.

Günther, A.1870. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. 8. Catalogue of the Physostomi containing the families Gymnotidae, Symbranchidae, Muraenidae, Pegasidae and of the Lophobranchii, Plectognathi, Dipnoi, Ganoidei, Chondropterygii, Cyclostomata, Leptocardii in the collection of the British Museum. London, xxv+549 p.

Gill, T. N. 1862b. Analytical synopsis of the order Squali, and revision of the nomenclature of the genera. Ann. Lyceum nat. Hist. New York, 7: 367-413.

Goode, G. B.; Bean, T. H. 1896. Oceanic ichthyology, a treatise on the deep-sea and pelagic fishes of the world, based chiefly upon the collections made by steamers Blake, Albatross and Fish Hawk in the northwestern Atlantic. Smithson. Contrib. Knowl., 30 and Spec. Bull U.S. natn. Mus., 1895 [1896] and Mem. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 1 (Text): xxxv+1-553; 2 (Atlas): xxiii+1-26, 123 pl., 417 fig.

Griffini, A. 1903. Ittiologia italiana, Manuali Hoepli, Milano: xii+475 p., 244 fig.

Ledoux, J. C. 1970. Les dents des Squalidés de la Méditerranée occidentale et de l'Atlantique Nord-ouest africain. Vie Milieu, 21 (2A): 309-362, 21 fig.

Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae, ed. X, vol. 1, 824 p. Nantes & Pisces: 230-338. (Reprint, 1956, London.)

Lo Bianco, S.1909. Notizie biologiche riguardanti specialmente il periodo di maturita sessuale degli animali del golfo di Napoli. Mitt. zool Stn Neapel, 19: 513-761.

Lozano y Rey, L.1928. Fauna Ibérica. Pesces (Generalidades, Ciclóstomos y Elasmobranquios). Mus. Nac. Ciencias Nat., Madrid, 1:1-692,197 fig., 20 pl.

Müller, J.; Henle, J.1841. Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen. Berlin, xxii+204 p., 60 pl.

Maurin, C.; Bonnet, M. 1970. Poissons des côtes nord-ouest africaines (Campagnes de la 'Thalassa', 1962 et 1968). Rev. Trav. Inst. (scient. tech.) Pech. marit., 34 (2): 125-170, fig. 1-26.

Moreau, E.1881-91. Histoire naturelle des poissons de la France, Paris, I, 1881: I-VII+ 1-480, fig. 1-82; II, 1881:1-572, fig. 83-145; III, 1881:1-697, fig. 146-220; Suppl., 1891: 1-144, fig. 221-227.

Poll, M.1951. Poissons. I. Généralités. II. Sélaciens et Chiméres. Rés. Sci. Expéd. océanogr. belg. Eaux côt. afr. Atlant. Sud (1948-49J, 4 (1) :1-154, 66 fig., 13 pl.

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Roule, L. 1912. Notice sur les sélaciens conservés dans les collections du Musée Océanographique. Bull. Inst. océanogr., Monaco, (243): 36 p.

Soljan, T. 1963. Fishes of the Adriatic (Ribe Jadrana). Fauna et flora adriatica 1 (revised and enlarged for the English edition), 428 p., many unnumbered fig.

Tortonese, E. 1956b. Leptocardia, Ciclostomata, Selachii. Fauna Ital., 2: 334 p., 163 fig.

Tortonese, E. 1956b. Leptocardia, Ciclostomata, Selachii. Fauna Ital., 2: 334 p., 163 fig.

Wheeler, A. 1969. The Fishes of the British Isles and North-West Europe. Macmillan, London, Melbourne and Toronto: i-xvii+1-163, 5+177 fig., +392 fig. (princ. sp.)+92 n. num. fig., 16 pl., maps.

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